Anchored Phylogenomics, Evolution and Systematics of Elateridae: Are All Bioluminescent Elateroidea Derived Click Beetles?

Anchored Phylogenomics, Evolution and Systematics of Elateridae: Are All Bioluminescent Elateroidea Derived Click Beetles?

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Click-beetles (Coleoptera: Elateridae) are an abundant, diverse, and economically important beetle family that includes bioluminescent species.To date, molecular phylogenies have sampled relatively few taxa and genes, incompletely resolving subfamily level relationships.We present a novel probe set for anchored hybrid enrichment of 2260 single-copy orthologous genes in Elateroidea.

Using these probes, we undertook the largest phylogenomic study of Elateroidea to date (99 Elateroidea, including 86 Elateridae, plus 5 incredibleindiatourtravels.com non-elateroid outgroups).We sequenced specimens from 88 taxa to test the monophyly of families, subfamilies and tribes.Maximum likelihood and coalescent phylogenetic analyses produced well-resolved topologies.

Notably, the included non-elaterid bioluminescent families (Lampyridae + Phengodidae + Rhagophthalmidae) form a clade within the otherwise monophyletic Elateridae, and Sinopyrophoridae may not warrant recognition as a family.All analyses recovered the elaterid subfamilies Elaterinae, Agrypninae, read more Cardiophorinae, Negastriinae, Pityobiinae, and Tetralobinae as monophyletic.Our results were conflicting on whether the hypnoidines are sister to Dendrometrinae or Cardiophorinae + Negastriinae.

Moreover, we show that fossils with the eucnemid-type frons and elongate cylindrical shape may belong to Eucnemidae, Elateridae: Thylacosterninae, ancestral hard-bodied cantharoids or related extinct groups.Proposed taxonomic changes include recognition of Plastocerini as a tribe in Dendrometrinae and Hypnoidinae stat.nov.

as a subfamily within Elateridae.